Papers, 1905-1933.

Sanger, Margaret, 1879-1966

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Margaret Louise Higgins was born in Corning, New York, on September 15, 1879, the sixth of eleven children and the third of four daughters born to Anne Purcell Higgins and Michael Hennessey Higgins, a stone mason. Her two elder sisters worked to supplement the family income, and financed her education at Claverack College, a private coeducational preparatory school in the Catskills. After leaving Claverack, Higgins took a job teaching first grade to immigrant children, but decided after a short ...

Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 1860-1935

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Charlotte Perkins Stetson Gilman (1860-1935) was the leading public intellectual of the women’s movement in the early 20th century. Born into the prestigious Beecher family, she struggled through a lonely childhood and disastrous marriage, which caused a nervous breakdown. Her mental health returned once she separated from her husband; she later gave him custody of their young daughter, and he had a happy second marriage to one of her close friends. She moved to California, and threw herself int...

Debs, Eugene V. (Eugene Victor), 1855-1926

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Eugene Victor "Gene" Debs (November 5, 1855 – October 20, 1926) was an American socialist, political activist, trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States. Through his presidential candidacies as well as his work with labor movements, Debs eventually became one of the best-known socialists living in the United States. Early in his political career, Debs...

Sinclair, Upton, 1878-1968

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Upton Sinclair was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1878. Sinclair was an American author, novelist, journalist, and political activist who wrote many books in several genres. He is most well-known for his exposé, The Jungle regarding conditions in Chicago's meat packing plants, which influenced the passage of the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906. Much of Sinclair's writing was related to the economic and social conditions of the early twentieth century. He was heavily in...

National Birth Control League (U.S.)

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Stokes, James Graham Phelps, 1872-1960

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James Graham Phelps Stokes was born in New York City in 1872. He graduated from Yale University in 1892. Upon graduation from the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia in 1896 he entered the family business and became increasingly active in settlement house work and various other movements for social reform. Later Stokes became interested in politics and socialism. In 1908 he was elected to the National Executive Committee of the Socialist Party. In 1904 Stokes married Rose Harriet Past...

Jerome, Victor J.

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Steffens, Lincoln, 1866-1936

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American journalist. From the description of Letter, 1931 July 5, Carmel, Calif., to Perry Walton, Boston. (Boston Athenaeum). WorldCat record id: 184904650 American journalist & editor. From the description of Papers of Lincoln Steffens [manuscript], ca. 1910. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647817346 Discussion of the corruption in the city at the turn of the twentieth century. From the description of Pittsburgh: a city as...

Stokes, Rose Pastor, 1879-1933

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Rose Pastor Stokes was a Communist and an editor, lecturer, and author. From the description of Letter, 1914. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 232007901 Social worker, reformer, and author. From the description of Playscripts of Rose Pastor Stokes, 1913-1915. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71068623 Rose Pastor Stokes was a factory worker from 1890-1902, and a journalist from 1903-1905. In 1917-1918, she opposed the entry of the United States int...

Goldman, Emma, 1869-1940

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Emma Goldman (1869-1940) was an anarchist, feminist, author, editor, and lecturer on politics, literature and the arts. She was born in Lithuania and died in Canada. Her lectures and publications attracted attention throughout the U.S. and Europe. She was associated with the anarchist journal Mother Earth from 1906 to 1917 and was imprisoned for publicly advocating birth control in 1916 and pacifism in 1917. In 1919 she was deported to Russia but had to leave because of her criticism of the Bols...

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 1890-1964

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Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was an agitator and organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and a Communist Party (CP) official. Flynn was an organizer in major strikes in Lawrence, Massachusetts and Paterson and Passaic, New Jersey. She saw labor court trials as important extensions of organizing, and participated in trials in Missoula, Montana (1908), and Spokane, Washington (1909-1910). As part of her defense work she created the Workers’ Defense League, an organization to fight for th...

Laidler, Harry W. (Harry Wellington), 1884-1970

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Economist. From the description of Reminiscences of Harry Wellington Laidler : oral history, 1965. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 122451940 Harry Laidler, economist, author, educator and socialist activist, was born in Brooklyn, New York, February 18, 1884. He received his B.A. from Wesleyan University (1907) where he was one of the founders of the Intercollegiate Socialist Society. He received a LL.B. from Brooklyn Law School in 1910 and ...

Lippmann, Walter, 1889-1974

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American journalist and author. From the description of Typewritten letter signed, dated : Washington, D.C., 23 September 1960, to Joan Peyser, 1960 Sept. 23. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270992594 Lippmann was an American journalist and author. From the description of Walter Lippmann letters to Hazel Albertson, 1910-1982. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 612206746 From the guide to the Walter Lipmann letters to Hazel Albertson, 1910-1982., (H...

Hillquit, Morris, 1869-1933

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American socialist leader. From the description of Morris Hillquit miscellanea, 1924-1934. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754871697 Morris Hillquit (1896-1933) was a socialist leader, lawyer, author and prominent theoretician of the Socialist Pary. He ran twice for mayor of New York City and five times for the House of Representatives, always unsuccessfully. From the guide to the Morris Hillquit Papers, 1906-1959, (Tamiment Library / Wagner Archives) ...

Abbot, Leonard D.

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Reitman, Ben.

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Nearing, Scott, 1883-1983

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Radical professor; socialist; pacifist during World War I era; author and lecturer; leader of "back-to-the-earth" movement. From the description of Papers, 1943-1988. (University of Toledo). WorldCat record id: 20061606 American sociologist. From the description of Letter [manuscript] : Toledo, Ohio, to Eckstein Case, Cleveland, Ohio, 1917 April 18. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647806119 Scott Nearing began his career as a t...

Strunsky, Rose

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Rose Strunsky was born in Russia in 1884. Her family emigrated to the United States, first to New York City and then to San Francisco, where she attended Stanford University. Along with her older sister, Anna Strunsky, she was active in socialist politics and San Francisco's literary scene. The sisters travelled in Russia in 1905, and lived in Greenwich Village in New York in the 1910s. Rose Strunsky married Louis Lorwin in 1920. Throughout her life she worked as a translator; her t...

Walling, Anna Strunsky, 1879-

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Anna Strunsky Walling (1879- ) was born in Babinotz, Russia, and immigrated to the United States in 1893. She took classes through the University of California system and earned an A.B. degree from Stanford University in 1900. In 1906 she married William English Walling (1877-1936), the author and reformer, and spent the next two years studying in Russia. Both Anna and William were active Socialists and social reformers who wrote and lectured on literary and political topics. Anna Strunsky Walli...

Washington Square Players.

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Quinlan, Patrick

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Foster, William Z., 1881-1961

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Chairman, United States Communist Party. From the description of Papers, 1922-1961. (Washington State University). WorldCat record id: 29853708 ...

Woman's Peace Party

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The Woman's Peace Party (WPP) was formed in Jan. 1915 on a platform calling for a conference of neutral nations, limitation of armaments, organized opposition to militarism in the U.S., democratic control of foreign policy, and extension of the franchise to women. In Apr. 1915, the WPP became the American Section of the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. Jane Addams served as chairman. WPP became the U.S. Section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom in Nov...

Romaine, Jerome I.

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Intercollegiate Socialist Society (U.S.)

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The Intercollegiate Socialist Society (ISS), an on-campus student and faculty organization, was established by a group of prominent socialists in New York in 1905. Among the founding members of the ISS were James Graham Phelps Stokes, jCharlotte Perkins Gilman, William English Walling, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, leonard and Oscar Lovell Triggs. The ISS established numerous study and reading groups, sponsored rallies and lecture engagements for prominent socialists, published book lists and phmp...